Hydrocarbon motor carburetor



july 2l, lg3d. C, DAWDSON LSQ? HYDROCARBON MOTOR CARBURETOR Filed May2l, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet. l

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MOTGR CARBURFTOR Filed may 23 1929 3 Sheetsheet July 2l, 1931. C,DAWDSON 1,815,097

HYDROCARBON MOTOR CARBURETOR Filed may 2l, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet PatentedJuly 2l, 1931 UNITED STATES CLINTON DAVIDSON, 0F SAN FRANCISCO,CALIFORNIA HYDROCARBON MOTOR CARBURETOR Application led Hay 21, 1929.Serial No. 364.731.

My invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly to thecarburetor means for supplying the fuel therefor.

It is an object of m invention to provide an improved means -orsupplyingv and for atomizing the fuel utilized by a lydrocarbon motor.

Another object of my invention 1s to provide a, device for supplyingfuel to a hydrocarbon motor in proportion to the quantity .of air drawninto the motor through the 1ntake manifold.

A further object of my invention 1s to provide means for metering thefuel 1n proportion to the air admitted to a hydrocarbon motor topreserve a substantlally constant fuel air ratio.

'lhe invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which withthe foregoing will be set forth at length 1n the following descriptionwhere I shall outline 1n full that form of the hydrocarbon motor of myinvention, which I have selected for illustration in the drawingsaccompanying and forming part of the present specihcation. ln saiddrawings I have shown one formof the hydrocarbon motor embodying my1nvention, but it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to suchform since the 1n- 0 vention, as set forth in the claims, may be`embodied in a plurality of forms.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hydrocarbon motor utilizing the deviceof my inven- 5 tion.

Fig. 2 is a portion of the Intake manifold and of a device of myinvention primarily intemled for use upon heavy non-volatile fuel.

Fig. 3 is a cross section through the device illustrated in Fig. 2 alongthe line 3-3 thereof.

Fig. 4 is a view of a device constructed iu accordance with myinvention, the device being shown partially in cross section.

Fig. 5 isa section through the. device shown in Fig. 4, the line ofsection being that indicated by the line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. G is a section along Ithe line 6-6 of My invention is characterizedbv the provision of means for atomizing fuel to be supplied to an engineoperating upon the well-known Otto or Beau de Rochas cvele. Incombination with this atomizing means other means are provided whichregulate the .quantity ol' fuel supplied to the atomizing means indirect accordance with the quantity of air passing into the intakemanifold.

While. the weight of air and fuel supplied to an engine operating uponthis cycle varies between the limits of 10 and 2() to 1 the ratio bf thevolumes is several hundred times greater being more nearly 10,000 to 1.Accordingly, while the volume of fuel is relatively small the volume ofair admitted to the engine is of the order of ten thousand times asmuch. Many of the carburetion devices now available have undesirablecharacteristics with respect to the manner of supplyin'g correctlyproportioned quantities of air and fuel under'all conditions ofoperation. In general it may be said that their tenden cies are tosupply an overly rich or overly lean mixture upon sudden changes inoperating conditions. These variations are not. conducive to the bestand most ellicicnt operation.

'l`o supply the quantities of air and fuel in a substantially constantratio under all operating conditions, I preferably provide the fuelsupply device, indicated generally at 7 in Fig. 1. 'lhis as attached tothe intake manifold 8 of a hydrocarbon motor, as by means ol' bolts 9.For convenience in manufacture, the hollow shell 1l, which forms thebody of the device of my invention, is apcrtured and is provided withscrew threads 12 into Awhich a thimble t3 is screwed. Extending throughthe thimhlc and preferably projecting into the intake manifold is a fuelatomizing nozzlev 14. The nozzle is manufactured with a conical end ltin which apertures 17 are provided for the ejection of fuel. presentlyappear the end 16 of the nozzle is preferably formed with an extendingportion forming a square thread 18. Telescopini1r the nozzle 14 andslidably engaging the For reasons which will l 50 Fig 5- tlnmble 13 is acap 2l having an aperture 22 li' adjacent to the end 16 and to theapertures 17 of the fuel atomizing nozzle 14. Pos1- tioned between thecap 2 1 and a s crew plug 23, which closes the end of the thlmble, 1s aspring 24 adapted to retain the aperture 22 in the cap in closeengagement with the end 16 of the fuel atomizing nozzle.

To assist in the atomization of the fuel ejectcd'through apertures 17' asupply of high pressure air is expedlently provlded from an air pump 26through a conduit 27. The conduit 2T is in communication with the thebody of thc tliimble 13. As is -particularly shown in Fig. 2 airadmitted from the conduit 27 raises the cap 2l from engagement with theend 16 of fuel nozzle 14 and flows about the f nel apertures 17' with arapid helical motion imparted by the thread 18.

To assist in accomplishing the objects of my invention I preferablyposition within intake passage 30 of the shell 11, an alr motor 31.Thus, as is particularly shown in Fig. 2, I preferably utilize amulti-bladed fan 32 {ixably mounted upon shaft 33 journaled in bars 34which are joined to shell 11. Connected to the shaft 33 thru suitablereduction gearing is a disc 36 movably positioned upon a shaft 37 as byset screw 38. Operatively disposed with respect to the disc 36 andadapted to contact with disc 36 for providing a ready variation in thegearing, and for other reasons which will be later set forth, is anotherdisc 39 supported upon a shaft 4 1 which is journaled in a bearing 42provided in body 43. A worm 44 is preferably attached to the shaft 41which carries the disc 39. This worm usually engages irreversibly a wormgear 46 which is adapted to drive a fuel supply pump 47 positioned inthe body 43. In this instance I have chosen to depict the fuel supplypump 47 as comprising two gears 48 and 49 carried respectively by shafts51 and 52 which are journalcd in the body 43.

A fuel supply conduit 56 is in communication with the fuel pump 47 andis adapted to supply fuel thereto from a suitable source of supply whichis not shown. The fuel supply may be under a pressure either greater.equal to or less than that occasioned by the operation of the fuel pump.Since the pump is irreversibly driven by the worm' gearing it serves asa metering device under all conditions of fuel supply. Fuel conduit 57leads from the pump 47 to the atomizing nozzle 14. To enclose theseveral mechanisms and to protect them from dust a cover plate 58 isattached to the body 43 by screws 59.

In operation it is to be noted that the air drawn into the intakemanifold by the suction occasioned by the turning over of the motoroperates the air motor and this in turn,

through the agency of the reduction gear, op-

erates the fuel pump 47 to supply fuel to the atomizing nozzle 14.

Upon a variation in the sition of butterfly valve 61 b means of inkage62 during operation of t 1e engine, an increase or a decrease in thepressure differential existing between the intake. manifold and theatmosphere is occasioned together with an increase or decrease in thequantity of air admitted. Accordingly, thru the agency of the air motor31 and its connection to the fuel pump 47 an increase or decrease in thequantity of fuel supplied to the atomizing means is effected. Thequantity of air and the quantity of fuel supplied to the motor are thusmaintained in substantially the correct ratio once the relative settingof the discs 36 and 39 have been determined for the character of thefuel ordinai-ily supplied.

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6, atomizing nozzle 71is primarily intended for use with fuel of a relatively volatilecharacter. Thus, while the fuel nozzle 14is primarily intended for heavyfuels of the character upon which hydrocarbon motors such as I havedescribed in m several copending applications, namely, er. No. 316,209,filed Oct. 31, 1928, Ser. No. 330,819, Jan. 7, 1929, which has maturedinto Patent 1,759,187 May 20, 1930, Ser. No. 347,974, filed March 18,1929, are adapted to operate nozzle 71, as is illustrated in Fig. 4, isintended for use with such volatile fuels as gasoline and enginedistillate. The fuel nozzle is preferably in communication with asuitable fuel regulating and metering pump through the conduit 72.

To actuate the fluid regulating means air motor 76 is provided withinthe intake manifold 77. In this modification the air motor preferablycomprises a pair of similar concave-convex bodies 78 journalled uponshafts 79 and 81 respectively and so positioned that they are adapted torotate within the intake manifold 77 and relative to each other with aslight clearance between adjoining surfaces. To maintain the bodies 78in their correct relative positions gears 82 are provided upon` shafts79 and 81. Shaft 81 continues thru the intake manifold 77 a suliicientdistance to carry a worm gear 83 which actively engages and operates thefluid supply means. By utilizing an air motor of this type it is.possible to secure a very efficient utilization of the air passingthrough the intake manifold to operate the fluid regulating means.

I claim:

1. In a carburetor for a hydrocarbon motor including a mixing chamberand an air intake, an air motor positioned in the air intake so that airpassing to the mixing chamber acts upon the motor, an atomizing nozzlefor supplying atomized fuel to the mixing chamber, a pump for supplyingfuel to vthe atomizing nozzle, and means connecting the air motorvariably to the pump whereby the ratio of fuel supplied to the nozzle bythe pump to air passing thru the air intake can be varied. y

2. In a carburetor for a hydrocarbon motor including a mixing chamberand an air intake, an air motor positioned in the air intake so that airpassing to the mixing chamber acts upon the motor, an atomizing nozzlefor supplying atomized fuel to the mixing chamber, a pump for supplyingfuel to the atomizing nozzle, and means connecting the air motor to thepump whereby rotation of the motor is effective to drive the pump sothat-fuel for atomization is supplied to the nozzle, said connectingmeans including means whereby the ratio of air and fuel supplied inatomized form can be varied.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

CLINTON DAVIDSON.

